Build a Simple Emergency Light and Alarm Circuit Diagram

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This Simple Emergency Light and Alarm Circuit Diagram is permanently plugged into a mains socket andNI-CD batteries are trickle-charged. When a power outage occurs,the lamp automatically illuminates. Instead of illuminating alamp, an alarm sounder can be chosen.When power supply is restored, the lamp or the alarm isswitched-off. A switch provides a “latch-up” function, in orderto extend lamp or alarm operation even when power is restored.Circuit operation:Mains voltage is reduced to about 12V DC at C2`s terminals, bymeans of the reactance of C1 and the diode bridge (D1-D4). Thusavoids the use of a mains transformer.

 Simple Emergency Light and Alarm Circuit Diagram

Trickle-charging current for the battery B1 is provided by theseries resistor R3, D5 and the green LED D6 that also monitorsthe presence of mains supply and correct battery charging.Q2 & Q3 form a self-latching pair that start operatingwhen a power outage occurs. In this case, Q1 biasing becomespositive, so this transistor turns on the self latching pair.

If SW3 is set as shown in the circuit diagram, the lampilluminates via SW2, which is normally closed; if set the otherway, a square wave audio frequency generator formed by Q4, Q5 andrelated components is activated, driving the loudspeaker.If SW1 is left open, when mains supply is restored the lamp orthe alarm continue to operate. They can be disabled by openingthe main on-off switch SW2.If SW1 is closed, restoration of the mains supply terminateslamp or alarm operation, by applying a positive bias to the Baseof Q2.

Notes:

Close SW2 after the circuit is plugged.Warning! The circuit is connected to 220Vac mains, then some parts in the circuit board are subjected to lethal potential! avoid touching the circuit when plugged and enclose it in a plastic box. 

Parts List
R1____________220K 1/4W Resistor
R2____________470R 1/2W Resistor
R3____________390R 1/4W Resistor
R4______________1K5 1/4W Resistor
R5______________1R 1/4W Resistor
R6_____________10K 1/4W Resistor
R7____________330K 1/4W Resistor
R8____________470R 1/4W Resistor
R9____________100R 1/4W Resistor

C1____________330nF 400V Polyester Capacitor
C2_____________10΅F 63V Electrolytic Capacitor
C3____________100nF 63V Polyester Capacitor
C4_____________10nF 63V Polyester Capacitor

D1-D5________1N4007 1000V 1A Diodes
D6______________LED Green (any shape)
D7___________1N4148 75V 150mA Diode

Q1,Q3,Q4______BC547 45V 100mA NPN Transistors
Q2,Q5_________BC327 45V 800mA PNP Transistors

SW1,SW2________SPST Switches
SW3____________SPDT Switch

LP1____________2.2V or 2.5V 250-300mA Torch Lamp

SPKR___________8 Ohm Loudspeaker

B1_____________2.5V Battery (tw1o AA NI-CD rechargeable cells wired in series)

PL1____________Male Mains plug