Simple Wiring diagram of ceiling fan

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Fig-1:  Ceiling fan wiring diagram

This is a simple illustrated circuit diagram of ceiling fan. To be noted that the wiring diagram is for AC 220V single phase line with single phase ceiling fan motor. Here a simple SPST switch is used to supply power or not to the fan motor and a Regulator is used to controlling the fan speed. Though it is very simple, but one thing to be noted that Switchand Regulator should be connected with the phase line of main power, not neutral.
You may like to see ceiling fan regulator circuit to controlling fan speed
Capacitor connection diagram of ceiling fan
Ceiling fan has a “capacitor start motor” in its inside. AC single phase capacitor start motor has two winding; one is starting winding and another is running winding.

Fig-2:  Ceiling fan capacitor connection diagram

As it is a capacitor start-capacitor run type motor; there a capacitor is used in series with Starting Winding, It defines the direction of rotation. It is an electrolytic capacitor.
Sometimes you may have faced this type of question...

1. Why ceiling fan rotating in reverse?

1. What makes a ceiling fan run backwards?

Two of this question sounds the same; the answer of the both question is “If capacitor is connected with running winding/main coil instead of starting winding/auxiliary coil then the direction of rotation will changed. That’s mean if you want to change the direction of rotation of the fan, just connect the capacitor with other winding.